RT article T1 Sex, males, and hermaphrodites in the scale insect Icerya purchasi A1 Mongue, Andrew J. A1 Michaelides, Sozos A1 Coombe, Oliver A1 Tena, Alejandro A1 Kim, Dong-Soon A1 Normark, Benjamin B. A1 Gardner, Andy A1 Hoddle, Mark S. A1 Ross, Laura K1 Androdioecy K1 haplodiploidy K1 Microsatellite markers K1 H10 Pests of plants K1 L53 Animal physiology - Reproduction K1 Mating systems K1 Population genetics K1 Scale insects AB Androdioecy (the coexistence of males and hermaphrodites) is a raremating system for which the evolutionary dynamics are poorlyunderstood. Here, we investigate the cottony cushion scale, Icerya purchasi, one of only three reported cases of androdioecy ininsects. In this species, female-like hermaphrodites have been shown to produce sperm and self-fertilize. However, males areocassionally observed as well. In a large genetic analysis, we show for the first time that, although self-fertilization appears tobe the primary mode of reproduction, rare outbreeding events do occur in natural populations, supporting the hypothesis thathermaphrodites mate with males and hence androdioecy is the mating system of I. purchasi. Thus, this globally invasive pest insect appears to enjoy the colonization advantages of a selfing organism while also benefitting from periodic reintroduction of genetic variation through outbreeding with males. PB Wiley Online Library SN 1558-5646 YR 2021 FD 2021 LK http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/7826 UL http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11939/7826 LA en NO Mongue, A. J., Michaelides, S., Coombe, O., Tena, A., Kim, D. S., Normark, B. B. et al. (2021). Sex, males, and hermaphrodites in the scale insect Icerya purchasi. Evolution, 75(11), 2972-2983. DS MINDS@UW RD May 18, 2022